« Taiwanese Journal of Political Science No.20Publish: 2004/06

Undecided Mencius: Opening up Ontology for the Responsibility of Choice

Author: Chih-Yu Shih, Hung-jen Wang, Wei-hsia Li, Shu-shan Li

Abstract / Chinese PDF Download

Contrary to the mainstream epistemology of social science, this paper arguesthat  the  mission  of  social  science  is  more  than  explaining.  It  treats  behavior  asproduct  of  both  situation  and  mind  that  is  always  undecidable  until  it  happens.Accordingly,  the  mission  of  social  science  is  to  discover  those  other  behavioralpossibilities  that  could  have  occurred  but  did  not.  These  possibilities  are  oftenexplained away in theory-driven research, as if external, objective structures closethem off. As a result, the actors under study are left without responsibility, to theextent that anyone in the same shoes would act in the same way. This paper borrowsMencius’s  analogy  of  himself  deciding  between  a  fish  and  bear’s  paws  andeventually favoring the paws. The paper contends that Mencius did not really favorthe paws. Based on this assumption, it is epistemologically imperative to discoverthe fish, which disappeared in Mencius’s decision. It is the fish that made Mencius’schoice of the paws a genuine choice, and Mencius, a real person.

Keywords:alterity、Epistemology、ontology、Social Science、violence